The Density Distributions of Hot Electrons Generated by the Interaction Between Laser and Al Flat, CH Flat, and CHNWA Targets.

We employed the two-dimensional PIC software EPOCH to simulate thermal electron emission from three targets. A linearly polarized 800 nm laser beam with a pulse width of 10 laser cycles and an FWHM of 4.3 μm was utilized; it was incident on the targets at an angle of 25° with respect to the target normal. The focal spot was located between -1 to -7 µm on the vertical axis in the figure, with a peak intensity of 1 × 1020 W/cm2. Three different targets were utilized in the simulation: CHNWA, CH, and Al targets, whose thicknesses were 10, 10, and 4 μm, respectively. The atomic number densities of C/Al were 37.5, 37.5, and 35 nc, where nc = 1.7 × 1021 cm-3 represents the critical plasma density for an 800 nm laser. The initial ionization conditions were C2+, H+, and Al9+ for the CHNWA, CH, and Al targets, respectively.Figures (a)-(c) show the density distributions of hot electrons generated by the interaction between the laser and flat aluminum (Al), carbon-hydrogen (CH) polymer, and carbon-hydrogen nanowire array (CHNWA) targets. Figures (d)-(f) depict the space momentum distribution of hot electrons for the three respective targets.