S1P receptor signal transduction

Metabolism of sphingomyelin by the sphingomyelinase, ceramidase (Cer'ase) and the sphingosine kinase (SK) enzymes results in formation of S1P and receptor activation. Autocrine and paracrine modes of receptor activation have been implied but have yet to be rigorously proven. Critical signaling molecules, such as phospholipase C (PLC), ERK, PI3K, and Akt are activated. Active Akt binds to the receptor and phosphorylates the third intracellular loop, which is essential for Rac activation.

鞘磷脂代谢过程中，鞘磷脂酶（Sphingomyelinase）、神经酰胺酶（Cer'ase）以及鞘氨醇激酶（Sphingosine Kinase, SK）酶的作用，导致S1P的生成及受体的激活。尽管受体的自分泌和旁分泌激活模式已被提出，但尚未得到严格的证实。关键的信号分子，如磷脂酶C（PLC）、ERK、PI3K和Akt被激活。活跃的Akt与受体结合并磷酸化第三个人胞内环，这对于Rac的激活至关重要。