Vector Magnetometry Using Optically Pumped Quantum Centers In 6H Silicon Carbide

Magnetometers are essential tools for a variety of in situ and remote sensing applications. Earth application comprise GPS-denied navigation, geological surveying and submarine detection, among other applications. In space, these instruments provide valuable data that enhance our understanding of planetary science, Earth science, and heliophysics. Traditional magnetometers, such as Hall sensors, fluxgate devices and optically pumped atomic vapor cells, have seen widespread use. However, recent advancements in material science have led to the increased adoption of quantum center-hosting solid-state magnetometers. This study demonstrates vector magnetometry based on an optical readout of quantum centers in solid-state systems, capable of measuring both the magnitude and orientation of the ambient magnetic field. The device employs optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) of magnetic field-sensitive quantum centers in 6H silicon carbide (SiC).1 We investigate three operation modes in terms of linearity and isotropy. A fully functional vector magnetometer was realized for all three operational modes, underscoring the potential of 6H SiC as an attractive platform for quantum sensing.