Information note: STONE BY STONE: COMPARING LITHOGENESIS IN DIABETIC AND NON-DIABETIC PATIENTS

Key takeaways: § Diabetic patients are more likely to form uric acid and phosphate stones due to low urinary pH. § Insulin resistance reduces ammonium and citrate excretion, promoting lithogenesis. § Glycosuria in diabetics increases UTI risk, which can trigger infection-related stones. § Hyperoxaluria and hypercalciuria are common in both groups but may be amplified in diabetics. § Effective stone prevention in diabetics requires tight glycemic control and urinary pH management.