Appendices B and C for The ALMA-ATOMS survey: A sample of weak hot core candidates identified through line stacking
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Context. Hot cores are crucial sites for high-mass star formation, characterized by the abundant emission lines of organic molecules. However, statistical studies of a large hot core sample are still limited.Aims. We aim to use high angular resolution molecular line data from the Atacama Large Millimeter and Submillimeter Array (ALMA) to identify hot cores and provide one of the largest samples of hot core candidates. Methods. We report on a search for hot cores using imaging and spectral stacking techniques with complex organic molecules (CH3OH, CH3OCHO, C2H5CN, C2H5OH, CH3OCH3, CH3COCH3, and CH3CHO).Results. In addition to the existing sample of 60 hot cores previously identified in the ALMA-ATOMS survey, we have new detections of 40 additional hot core candidates, which show relatively weaker line emission and smaller column densities than hot cores included in previous studies. These sources show compact emission in most complex molecular lines. In contrast, CH3CHO exhibits more extended emission, which may trace shocks in some sources. Conclusions. This large sample of 100 hot core candidates is of great interest for future studies of astro-chemistry and the formation of high-mass protostars.



