Cardiovascular responses to cold exposure among hypertensive men and control group.

Values are group means over each phase (baseline, cold, and recovery) ± standard deviations (SD). Effect of cold exposure: mean of intra-individual differences between “Cold exposure” and “Baseline” with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). HR, heart rate; T-peak, T-wave amplitude; TpTe, T-peak to T-end interval; QT, QT-interval; QTc, QT adjusted to HR; PR, and QRS, corresponding intervals on ECG; QRS-T angle, spatial angle between QRS and T; VEB, ventricular and AEB, atrial ectopic beats; VEB2, ventricular and AEB2, atrial ectopic beats for those who had ectopic beats during the measurements (n = 28 hypertensive and 13 controls); BP, blood pressure; LF, low frequency; HF, high frequency; LF/HF, the ratio of LF and HF; SDNN, standard deviation of all normal RR intervals; .* p†p>0.05 vs. hypertensive (group).There were no significant difference in responses to cold between hypertensive men and controls (no time×group effect).