Resveratrol ameliorates lipid accumulation and inflammation in human SZ95 sebocytes via the AMPK signaling pathways in vitro

Background: Acne Vulgaris is one of the commonest dermatological challenges lacking effective and well-tolerated treatment. An earlier study indicated that resveratrol (RVT) exhibits therapeutic effects in patients with acne through unknown mechanisms. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of RVT on linoleic acid (LA)-induced lipogenesis and peptidoglycan (PGN)-induced inflammation in cultured SZ95 sebocytes in vitro and to study the underlying mechanisms. Methods: Whole transcriptome analysis was performed with RNA-sequencing. Intracellular neutral lipids were detected by Nile red staining. Lipidomics was used to examine the changes of lipid profile in sebocytes. Interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA and protein levels were assessed by quantitative real-time PCR and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, respectively. Expressions of lipogenesis-related proteins inflammatory signaling pathway and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway were evaluated by Western blot. Specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to knockdown sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) expression. Results: RVT suppressed lipogenesis-related pathway and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, decreased the contents of unsaturated fatty acids in SZ95 sebocytes. LA-induced lipogenesis and the expression of lipid-related proteins were all downregulated by RVT. Besides, RVT promoted SIRT1 expression as well as the deacetylation of NF-κB p65 subunit, and subsequently reduced IL-1β and IL-6 secretion under PGN induction. Furthermore, RVT-mediated sebosuppressive and anti-inflammation effects were abolished by pretreatment with AMPK inhibitor Compound C, meanwhile, SIRT1 silencing abrogated the anti-inflammatory capacity of RVT. Conclusions: RVT exhibits sebosuppressive and anti-inflammatory effects in human sebocytes partially via the AMPK pathway, which may justify the role of RVT treatment in acne vulgaris. Examination of whole transcriptome expression in human SZ95 sebocytes treated with PGN, PGN+RVT,LA, LA+RVT. Three biological replicates were used for each group.