Zagreb Indices and Size of a Graph Associated to a Ring with Python Syntax

For a graph with edges and vertices, the general zeroth-order Randi index measures the sum of the degree of each vertex to the power of nonzero <i>ω</i>. Meanwhile, the zero divisor graph of a commutative ring R is the set of all zero divisors in R in which two vertices are adjacent if their product is zero. In this paper, the Zagreb indices of the zero divisor graph for the commutative ring Zpkq are found for the cases <i>ω</i> = 1, 2, and 3 where <i>k</i> is a positive integer, <i>p</i> and <i>q</i> are primes with p&lt;q.