西藏自治区自然灾害统计数据（1950-2002）

本数据集包含西藏近50年的自然灾害信息，包括干旱、雪灾、霜灾、冰雹、洪涝、风灾、雷电灾害等气象灾害产生的时间地点及所造成的后果。
西藏位于中国的西南边境，是青藏高原的主体。由于受到西风带天气影响和印度洋暖湿气流的强烈影响，干湿季明显，加之境内高山林立，地形地貌复杂，西藏成为我国自然灾害发生最频繁的地区之一。对西藏农牧业生产造成重大危害的主要气象灾害方式有：干旱、雪灾、霜冻、冰雹、洪涝和大风等。据不完全统计，1982-2000年平均每年受灾面积为2.844万公顷，其中1983年受灾面积最大，达20．37万公顷，其次是1995年，为13.23万公顷。从各种灾害面积占总受灾面积比例来看，干旱所占比例最大，达38％，病虫害次之，为25％。西藏地广人稀，生态环境十分脆弱，传统的农牧业生产基本靠人吃饭。各种气象灾害给西藏人民生命财产带来重大损失。在西藏的各种气象灾害中雪灾居首。西藏是全国五大牧区之一，牲畜是牧民最重要的生产生活来源。雪灾往往造成大批牲畜死亡，使牧民的财产遭受重大损失，并对其生命安全构成威胁。
数据摘录自《中国气象灾害大典·西藏卷》，属于人工录入总结校对。

This dataset contains information on natural disasters across Tibet Autonomous Region over the past 50 years, covering the occurrence time, location and disaster consequences of various meteorological disasters including drought, snowstorms, frost disasters, hail, floods, wind disasters and lightning disasters.

Tibet, situated in the southwestern border of China, constitutes the main body of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Influenced by both the westerly weather system and the strong warm and moist air currents from the Indian Ocean, it has distinct dry and wet seasons. Combined with the densely distributed high mountains and complex topography and landforms within its territory, Tibet has become one of the regions with the most frequent natural disasters in China. The main meteorological disasters that pose major hazards to Tibet's agricultural and animal husbandry production include drought, snowstorms, frost, hail, floods and gales.

According to incomplete statistics, the average annual affected crop and pasture area from 1982 to 2000 reached 28,440 hectares. The largest affected area occurred in 1983, totaling 203,700 hectares, followed by 1995 with 132,300 hectares. In terms of the proportion of each disaster type's affected area in the total affected area, drought accounts for the largest share at 38%, followed by plant diseases and insect pests at 25%.

Tibet boasts a vast land with a sparse population and an extremely fragile ecological environment. Its traditional agricultural and animal husbandry production basically relies on natural climatic conditions, i.e., "making a living by the weather". Various meteorological disasters have inflicted heavy losses on the lives and properties of local people. Among all meteorological disasters in Tibet, snowstorms rank first. As one of the five major pastoral areas in China, livestock are the most important production and livelihood resources for local herdsmen. Snowstorms often cause large-scale deaths of livestock, leading to significant losses of herdsmen's property and posing threats to their personal safety.

The data is excerpted from *Meteorological Disaster Dictionary of China: Tibet Volume*, and was manually entered, summarized and proofread.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集总结了西藏自治区1950年至2002年间的自然灾害统计信息，涵盖干旱、雪灾、霜灾、冰雹、洪涝、风灾、雷电灾害等多种气象灾害，记录了灾害发生的时间、地点及造成的后果。数据来源于《中国气象灾害大典·西藏卷》，通过人工录入总结校对，突出了西藏因地理和气候因素导致的自然灾害频发特点，并对农牧业生产和人民生命财产的影响进行了分析，其中干旱和雪灾是主要灾害类型。