SOIL PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTES BEFORE AND AFTER MANAGEMENT UNDER SOWING FORWARD SPEED

ABSTRACT The soil management system affects physical attributes, and the forward sowing speed can increase or decrease its results. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate management systems before and after soil mobilisation and forward sowing speed on soil physical attributes. Thus, an experiment was conduct in a completely randomized block design with four replications and six soil management systems: no tillage (NT), medium harrowing (MH), subsoiling operation (S), subsoiling and medium harrowing operations (S+MH), cross-subsoiling and medium harrowing (S+MH), and ploughing and two medium harrowing (P+2MH), and four forward sowing speeds: 3.1, 5.1, 5.8, and 7.9 km h−1, applied in the subplots. Soil management affects soil penetration resistance (PR) values, pointing out the highest PR occurring in no-tillage beyond critical limits. Soil bulk density (sD) is affected by management and forward sowing speeds. The medium harrowing operation has higher sD and the ideal forward sowing speed range to mitigate this effect would be 5.0 to 7.0 km h−1. Moreover, it also presents a higher amount of macropores in the 0.20–0.30 m layer. Management system without soil mobilisation favours an increase in soil microporosity, and the use of subsoiler as tillage equipment should be carried out at slower speeds to favour the increased micropores.