The gut microbiome of traditional human populations and sympatric nonhuman primates reflects parallel functional adaptations in response to analogous ecological gradients

Traditional human communities have shown more microbiome similarities with nonhuman primates in comparison to industrialized populations. In this study, we have profiled the fecal metagenomes of BaAka hunter-gatherers and Bantu agriculturalists from Central Africa and compared with the sympatric gorillas across seasons of variable dietary intake to understand this functional convergence.