Enterprise Survey 2010 - Bahamas

Abstract
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This research is an Indicator Survey conducted in the Bahamas between April and August 2011 as part of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) Enterprise Survey 2010, an initiative of the World Bank. An Indicator Survey, which is similar to an Enterprise Survey, is implemented for smaller economies where the sampling strategies inherent in an Enterprise Survey are often not applicable due to the limited universe of firms.

In the Bahamas, data from 150 establishments was analyzed. Stratified random sampling was used to select the surveyed businesses.

The objective of the survey is to obtain feedback from enterprises on the state of the private sector as well as to help in building a panel of enterprise data that will make it possible to track changes in the business environment over time, thus allowing, for example, impact assessments of reforms. Through face-to-face interviews with firms in the manufacturing and services sectors, the survey assesses the constraints to private sector growth and creates statistically significant business environment indicators that are comparable across countries.

Questionnaire topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures.

Geographic coverage
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Islands of New Providence and Grande Bahama

Analysis unit
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The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe
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The whole population, or the universe, covered in the Enterprise Surveys is the non-agricultural economy. It comprises: all manufacturing sectors according to the ISIC Revision 3.1 group classification (group D), construction sector (group F), services sector (groups G and H), and transport, storage, and communications sector (group I). Note that this population definition excludes the following sectors: financial intermediation (group J), real estate and renting activities (group K, except sub-sector 72, IT, which was added to the population under study), and all public or utilities sectors.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The study was conducted using stratified random sampling. Three levels of stratification were used in the sample: firm sector, firm size, and geographic region.

Industry stratification for the Indicator Surveys is designed to obtain 75 interviews in manufacturing and 75 interviews in service sectors.

Size stratification was defined following the standardized definition for the Enterprise Surveys: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (more than 99 employees). For stratification purposes, the number of employees was defined on the basis of reported permanent full-time workers. This seems to be an appropriate definition of the labor force since seasonal/casual/part-time employment is not a common practice, except in the sectors of construction and agriculture.

In the Bahamas, due to the size of the sample target, the entire country was treated as one geographical location. Interviews were conducted on the islands of New Providence and Grande Bahama.

The sample frame for the Bahamas was produced from a variety of sources. These sources included: The Bahamas Hotels Association, The Abaco Chamber of Commerce, The Grande Bahamas Chamber of Commerce, The Nassau Chamber of Commerce, The Bahamas Chamber of Commerce, Bahamaslocal.com, Bahamas Directory B2B, The Bahamas Yellow Pages, and the Commonwealth Network, The Bahamas.

The sample frame was then used for the selection of a sample with the aim of obtaining interviews with 150 establishments with five or more employees.

The quality of the frame was assessed at the outset of the project through visits to a random subset of firms and local contractor knowledge. The sample frame was not immune from the typical problems found in establishment surveys: positive rates of non-eligibility, repetition, non-existent units, etc. In addition, the sample frame contains no telephone/fax numbers so the local contractor had to screen the contacts by visiting them. Due to response rate and ineligibility issues, additional sample had to be extracted by the World Bank in order to obtain enough eligible contacts and meet the sample targets.

Given the impact that non-eligible units included in the sample universe may have on the results, adjustments may be needed when computing the appropriate weights for individual observations. The percentage of confirmed non-eligible units as a proportion of the total number of sampled establishments contacted for the survey was 10.15% (34 out of 335).

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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The current survey instruments are available:
- Services Questionnaire;
- Manufacturing Questionnaire;
- Screener Questionnaire.

The Services Questionnaire is administered to the establishments in the services sector. The Manufacturing Questionnaire is built upon the Services Questionnaire and adds specific questions relevant to manufacturing.

The survey topics include firm characteristics, gender participation, access to finance, annual sales, costs of inputs/labor, workforce composition, bribery, licensing, infrastructure, trade, crime, competition, capacity utilization, land and permits, taxation, informality, business-government relations, innovation and technology, and performance measures. Over 90% of the questions objectively ascertain characteristics of a country's business environment. The remaining questions assess the survey respondents' opinions on what are the obstacles to firm growth and performance.

Cleaning operations
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Data entry and quality controls are implemented by the contractor and data is delivered to the World Bank in batches (typically 10%, 50% and 100%). These data deliveries are checked for logical consistency, out of range values, skip patterns, and duplicate entries. Problems are flagged by the World Bank and corrected by the implementing contractor through data checks, callbacks, and revisiting establishments.

Response rate
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The number of realized interviews per contacted establishment was 0.45. The estimate is based on the total number of firms contacted including ineligible establishments. This number is the result of two factors: explicit refusals to participate in the survey, as reflected by the rate of rejection (which includes rejections of the screener and the main survey) and the quality of the sample frame, as represented by the presence of ineligible units. The number of rejections per contact was 0.40.

Complete information regarding the sampling methodology, sample frame, weights, response rates, and implementation can be found in "Description of The Bahamas ES 2010 Implementation" in external resources.

摘要
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本项研究是一项指标调查，于2011年4月至8月在巴哈马进行，作为拉丁美洲和加勒比海（LAC）企业调查2010年的一部分，该调查是世界银行的一项倡议。指标调查与企业调查类似，但在企业数量有限的较小经济体中实施，因为企业调查固有的抽样策略往往不适用。

在巴哈马，分析了150家机构的资料。采用分层随机抽样方法选择被调查的企业。

调查的目的是从企业获取对私营部门状况的反馈，并有助于构建企业数据面板，以便能够追踪商业环境随时间的变化，从而允许进行例如改革影响的评估。通过面对面访谈制造业和服务业的企业，调查评估了私营部门增长的制约因素，并创建了具有统计学意义的、可比的国家商业环境指标。

问卷主题包括企业特征、性别参与、融资渠道、年销售额、投入/劳动力成本、劳动力构成、贿赂、许可、基础设施、贸易、犯罪、竞争、土地和许可、税收、非正式性、商业与政府关系、创新和技术、以及绩效指标。

地理覆盖范围
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新普罗维登斯群岛和格兰德巴哈马群岛

分析单元
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研究的初级抽样单元是机构。机构是进行商业活动和工业运营或提供服务的地方。一家公司可能由一家或多家机构组成。例如，一家啤酒厂可能有几个灌装厂和几个分销机构。在本调查中，机构必须能够独立做出财务决策，并拥有与公司财务报表分开的财务报表。机构还必须拥有自己的管理和对其工资单的控制。

总体
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企业调查所涵盖的总体，即整个范围，是非农业经济。它包括：根据ISIC修订3.1分组分类的所有制造业部门（D组）、建筑业部门（F组）、服务业部门（G组和H组），以及运输、仓储和通信部门（I组）。请注意，此人口定义不包括以下部门：金融中介（J组）、房地产业和租赁活动（K组，除子部门72，IT外，该子部门已纳入研究人口），以及所有公共或公用事业部门。

数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
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本研究采用分层随机抽样方法进行。样本中使用了三个分层级别：企业部门、企业规模和地理区域。

指标调查的行业分层旨在在制造业和服务业中各获得75次访谈。

规模分层是根据企业调查的标准定义来定义的：小型（5至19名员工）、中型（20至99名员工）和大型（超过99名员工）。为了分层的目的，员工人数是根据报告的固定全职员工人数来定义的。这似乎是对劳动力的一种适当定义，因为季节性/临时/兼职就业在建筑和农业部门之外并不常见。

在巴哈马，由于样本目标的大小，整个国家被视为一个地理区域。访谈在新普罗维登斯群岛和格兰德巴哈马群岛进行。

巴哈马的样本框架来自各种来源。这些来源包括：巴哈马酒店协会、阿巴科商会、格兰德巴哈马商会、纳骚商会、巴哈马商会、Bahamaslocal.com、巴哈马B2B目录、巴哈马黄页以及巴哈马的英联邦网络。

然后使用样本框架进行样本选择，目的是与拥有五个或更多员工的150家机构进行访谈。

在项目开始时，通过访问随机子集的企业和当地承包商的知识评估了框架的质量。样本框架不可避免地存在机构调查中常见的典型问题：非合格单位的积极率、重复、不存在单位等。此外，样本框架中不包含电话/传真号码，因此当地承包商必须通过访问来筛选联系。

由于响应率和不合格问题，世界银行不得不提取额外的样本，以获得足够的合格联系并达到样本目标。

由于样本总体中包含的非合格单位可能对结果产生影响，在计算单个观察的适当权重时可能需要进行调整。经确认的非合格单位占调查中接触到的所有被抽样机构的总数的10.15%（335家中的34家）。

数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
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当前调查工具包括以下内容：
- 服务业问卷；
- 制造业问卷；
- 筛选问卷。

服务业问卷适用于服务业机构。制造业问卷基于服务业问卷，并增加了与制造业相关的具体问题。

调查主题包括企业特征、性别参与、融资渠道、年销售额、投入/劳动力成本、劳动力构成、贿赂、许可、基础设施、贸易、犯罪、竞争、产能利用率、土地和许可、税收、非正式性、商业与政府关系、创新和技术、以及绩效指标。超过90%的问题客观地确认了一个国家商业环境的特征。其余问题评估了调查受访者对阻碍企业增长和绩效的看法。

数据清洗操作
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承包商负责数据录入和质量控制，并以批量（通常为10%、50%和100%）的形式将数据交付给世界银行。这些数据交付被检查以验证逻辑一致性、超出范围的值、跳过模式和重复条目。问题由世界银行标记并由实施承包商通过数据检查、回访和重访机构进行纠正。

响应率
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每家被接触的机构的实际访谈数量为0.45。该估计值基于包括不合格机构在内的总接触企业数量。这个数字是两个因素的结果：明确拒绝参与调查（反映在拒绝率上，包括筛选问卷和主要调查的拒绝）以及样本框架的质量，表现为不合格单位的存在。每家联系的单位拒绝次数为0.40。

有关抽样方法、样本框架、权重、响应率和实施的完整信息，请参阅“巴哈马ES 2010实施描述”中的外部资源。