Epigenomic alterations are associated with mucosal microbiota and inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease

Mucosal host DNA methylation was associated with the presence of inflammation suggesting epigenetic changes in response to the microbiota. Hierarchical clustering of the microbiota indicated ten subgroups, whereas some were driven by certain Enterbacteriacae and Bacteroides keystone species, and which were associated with host genotype and DNA methylation profiles, but with little influence from the habitual diet. Bisulphite converted DNA from the 48 samples were hybridised to the Illumina Infinium 450k Human Methylation Beadchip