Genomic analyses of a livestock pest, the New World screwworm, find potential targets for genetic control programs

The New World Screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax, is a major pest of
livestock in South America and Caribbean. However, few genomic resources
have been available for this species. A genome of 534 Mb was assembled
from long read PacBio DNA sequencing of DNA from a highly inbred strain.
Analysis of molecular evolution identified 40 genes that are likely under
positive selection. Developmental RNA-seq analysis identified specific
genes associated with each stage. We identify and analyze the expression
of genes that are likely important for host-seeking behavior
(chemosensory), development of larvae in open wounds in warm-blooded
animals (heat shock protein, immune response) and for building transgenic
strains for genetic control programs including gene drive (sex
determination, germline). This study will underpin future experiments
aimed at understanding the parasitic lifestyle of the screwworm fly and
greatly facilitate future development of strains for efficient systems for
genetic control of screwworm.