Trans Titanium(IV) Complexes of Salen Ligands Exhibit High Antitumor Activity

Salen–titanium(IV) complexes are introduced as a new family of highly efficient antitumor complexes, being the first cytotoxic titanium(IV) complexes of trans labile ligands, as characterized crystallographically. Four complexes with different aromatic substitutions were analyzed, reveling a meaningful effect of the ligand structure on the complex performance. All complexes exhibit high hydrolytic stability, where the labile OAr ligands hydrolyze in a 10% D2O solution with t1/2 ranging from 2 to 11 h. The IC50 values obtained for three of the salen complexes studied on HT-29 colon and OVCAR-1 ovarian cells demonstrate activity that exceeds those of the known tianium(IV) complexes Cp2TiCl2 and (bzac)2Ti(OiPr)2 and that of cisplatin, where the most active para-chlorinated complex exhibits activity enhancement relative to cisplatin by 10-fold.