Pedestrian moral disengagement scale for sustainable urban planning

The transgressive behavior of pedestrians is one of the most recurrent causes of traffic accidents in Peru (Miranda &amp; Huicho, 2010). In order to bring light to this issue, the researchers decided to develop and validate a scale that brings relevant information to those in charge of transport management to make decisions related to the design and planning of the infrastructure based on the knowledge of the pedestrian's moral disengagement. The study has two phases: developing a questionnaire with a sample of 100 pedestrians in a two-stage brainstorming validated by academic and professional experts in transportation management and psychology and applying EFA and CFA to analyze a two-stage conglomerate sample of 405 pedestrians from Metropolitan Lima. The data collected were non-parametric, and the researchers validated the correlation between scale items through Sperman's polychoric correlation. The model obtained: a p-value of less than .001, a Chi-square of 173 with 59 degrees of freedom, an RMSEA of .0692, a CFI of .937, a TLI of .917, and an SRMR of .0457. The main conclusions are that the adjustment of the model is sufficient, showing that the results obtained were within the theoretical model proposed by \cite{ref-book1}Albert Bandura (1986) and within the reliability and validation phases and that the thirteen items identified represent the eight mechanisms of moral disconnection of the pedestrian in Metropolitan Lima. Further more, it was identified that items P1.10 and item P1.13 show a relationship with an specific demographic variable (district) of statistical significance when applying Chi-squared. <br> The demografic data is the following: Mayoria de Edad (age from 18 years) values 1= yes, 0=no Genero (gender) values 1= female y 2 = male Edad (age) Distrito (Lima Metrolitana's districs): 1 = Ate 2 = Barranco 3 = Breña 4 = Callao 5 = Carabayllo 6 = Cieneguilla 7 = Comas 8 = Chorrillos 9 = El Agustino 10 = Independencia 11 = Jesús María 12 = La Molina 13 = La Victoria 14 = Lince 15 = Los Olivos 16 = Lurigancho 17 = Magdalena 18 = Miraflores 19 = Puente Piedra 20 = Pachacámac 21 = Rímac 22 = San Borja 23 = San Luis 24 = San Miguel 25 = Surco 26 = Surquillo 27 = Santa Anita 28 = San Martín de Porres 29 = San Juan de Miraflores 30 = San Juan de Lurigancho 31 = Villa María del Triunfo 32 = Villa el Salvador 33 = Pueblo Libre 34 = San Isidro 35 = Lima <br> From P1.1 to P1.16 find the answers to the questionare Dimensions of Moral Dissengagement: <br> Moral justification: P1.1, P1.13 &amp; P1.16 Ephemistic labeling: P1.9, P1.10 &amp; P1.14 Advantageous comparison: P1.2, P1.3 &amp; P1.6 Displacement of responsibility: P1.4 &amp; P1.15 Diffusion of responsibility: P1.5 &amp; P1.7 Disregarding and distorting its consequences: P1.1 Attribution of blame: P1.12 Dehumanization: P1.8 <br> 5-point Likert scale (from 1 = agree not at all, to 5 = completely agree) response format <br> <br> <br>