Green bonds: volume issued by new issuers in Europe 2019-2020, by certification

Green bonds are fixed income securities which finance investments with environmental or climate-related benefits. In order to validate that the bond qualifies as "green", issuers usually either certify it or contract an external review company. In the nine months to September 2020, the Amsterdam-based provider of ESG and corporate governance research and ratings company Sustainalytics established a second-party opinion for a total of 14 green bonds issued by European first-time issuers.

绿色债券为一种固定收益证券，其资金用途旨在支持与环境或气候相关的投资。为确保债券符合“绿色”标准，发行者通常会选择对其进行认证或委托第三方审查机构进行评估。在2020年9月之前的九个月内，总部位于阿姆斯特丹的ESG与公司治理研究和评级机构Sustainalytics，为欧洲首次发行绿色债券的14家公司提供了第二方意见。