Results of one-way ANOVA testing the effects of scarification on total germination Gt, cumulative germination AS and root growth of Carpobrotus edulis in pure cultures.

Significant differences at 5% level between non-scarified seeds (C, for control) and those scarified by passage through rabbit intestines (R) are indicated by asterisk. The effect of scarification was tested on the following irrigation treatments: pH↓sal↓: pH 7, 0.02 g NaCl/L; pH↓sal↑: pH 7, 0.04 g NaCl/L; pH↑sal↓: pH 8, 0.02 g NaCl/L; pH↑sal↑: pH 8, 0.04 g NaCl/L (high moisture: 2 ml/week, low moisture: 1 ml/week); C0: rainwater passed through a dune soil after the removal of C. edulis; C1: rainwater passed through a dune soil after the removal of C. edulis 1.5 yrs ago; C3: rainwater passed through a dune soil after the removal of C. edulis 3 yrs ago; and N: rainwater from a dune soil never affected by C. edulis. Sal = salinity.