Changing Cropping Patterns in the Central Himalaya: Causes and Implications

The Himalaya is experiencing significant changes in land use and cropping patterns. This paper examines the major causes and consequences of these changes in the Central Himalaya, focusing on two districts: Dehradun (Garhwal region) and Nainital (Kumaon region). Data on land use and cropping patterns for both districts were collected from the district statistical diaries and, subsequently, were analyzed. The analysis reveals that cropping patterns are undergoing substantial changes in both districts, although the change is not uniform across the regions. Various factors contribute to the shifting cropping patterns. In the recent past, there has been a notable increase in climate variability and change, with a persistent warming observed in the river valleys and mid-altitudes. Other significant factors influencing the changing cropping patterns include decline in the area and production of crops, alterations in food habits, population growth, and out-migration in the Central Himalaya.