机车车轮踏面与钢轨接触的仿真计算及试验研究

应用轮轨型面测量仪测量实际运用中的磨耗后机车车轮，基于标准与磨耗后机车车轮型面，建立轮轨接触三维有限元模型，计算分析不同横移量下的接触斑和等效应力. 搭建轮轨接触试验台，使用取自现场的车轮与钢轨试块进行试验，分析不同横移量下轮轨接触状态. 针对磨耗前后车轮与标准钢轨接触的有限元计算与试验进行对比分析. 结果表明：横移量对轮轨接触状态有着显著的影响，横移量过大会加速机车车轮的磨耗；与标准型面相比，磨耗后车轮型面与标准钢轨接触时的接触斑面积较大，最大等效应力较小；通过轮轨接触试验台所得接触斑形状和大小与仿真计算所得结果一致性较好，证明了有限元仿真计算的可靠性.

Actual in-service worn locomotive wheels were measured using a wheel-rail profile measuring instrument. Based on the standard and worn locomotive wheel profiles, a 3D finite element model of wheel-rail contact was established to calculate and analyze the contact patches and equivalent stresses under different lateral displacements. A wheel-rail contact test bench was built, and tests were carried out using on-site collected wheel and rail test blocks to analyze the wheel-rail contact states under different lateral displacements. A comparative analysis was conducted between the finite element calculations and tests for the contact between wheels (before and after wear) and standard rails. The results show that lateral displacement has a significant impact on wheel-rail contact states, and excessive lateral displacement will accelerate the wear of locomotive wheels. Compared with the standard wheel profile, the worn wheel profile has a larger contact patch area and a smaller maximum equivalent stress when contacting with standard rails. The shapes and sizes of the contact patches obtained from the wheel-rail contact test bench are in good agreement with the simulation results, which verifies the reliability of the finite element simulation calculations.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于机车车轮踏面与钢轨接触的仿真计算和试验研究，通过建立三维有限元模型和搭建试验台，分析了不同横移量对接触斑和等效应力的影响。研究发现横移量过大会加速车轮磨耗，磨耗后车轮型面接触斑面积较大但最大等效应力较小，且仿真与试验结果一致性较好，验证了有限元方法的可靠性。数据集包含摩擦学相关数据，适用于轮轨接触行为分析和工程优化。