Most females in herd A were marked in spring 2007 and the rest in the autumn of 2007. Reindeer in herd B were all marked in the autumn of 2007 and were not gathered in the spring. Dates refer to the e
Multi-year investigations of population dynamics are fundamental to threatened species conservation. We used multi-season occupancy based on spotlight surveys to investigate dynamic occupancy of the
Catastrophic events, like oil spills and hurricanes, occur in many marine systems. One potential role of marine reserves is buffering populations against disturbances, including the potential for dist