Myelin is repaired by constitutive differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors

Oligodendrocytes form myelin sheaths around axons to enable rapid signaling within neural circuits. The generation of new oligodendrocytes through differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) promotes myelin plasticity and repair in the adult brain. Here, we performed genetic interrogation and in vivo analysis of OPCs in order to determine their differentiation dynamics. Our results show that OPCs attempt to differentiate throughout the adult CNS with spatial and temporal regularity. The differentiation rate was not influenced by myelin demand or oligodendrocyte loss, and declined with age and in response to acute inflammation. The results suggest that OPC differentiation is governed primarily by constitutive processes and might be negatively influenced by aging and inflammation.
, , , # Myelin is repaired by constitutive differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitors

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.dr7sqvbc0](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.dr7sqvbc0)

## Description of the data and file structure

### Files and variables

#### File: CHST3_floxflox_genomic_sequence.dna

**Description:** 

This is a Snapgene file of the annotated genomic sequence of a *Chst3 flox/flox* mouse described in the associated publication 

#### File: CHST3_floxflox_genomic_sequence_text_version_ODT.odt

**Description:** 

This is a raw genomic sequence of a *Chst3 flox/flox* mouse described in the publication

#### File: Chase_in_pTRE_tight_sequence.dna

**Description:** 

This is a Snapgene file of annotated genomic sequence of a *ChaseR-TRE* mouse described in the publication

#### File: Chase_in_pTRE_tight_sequence_text_format_ODT.odt

**Description:** 

This is a raw genomic sequence of a *ChaseR-TRE* mouse described in the publication

#### File: Terminator_full_sequence.dna

**Description:*..., **Changes after Dec 10, 2025:** 

File Raw_values_Mironova_et_al_2025 has been replaced with a file Raw_values_Mironova_et_al_2025_updated to reflect correction of a minor error in data copying for figure 7D (sheet \"Figure 7 - LPS) prior to publication of the manuscript. Description of the correction is included in the dataset. This correction does not alter statistical analysis of conclusions of the data.