用电线路环境下拉弧故障监测数据

随着城市化和工业的发展，人民生活和工业用电的需求与日俱增，电力运输系统也承受着千钧重负，如何对用电回路、电器、开关等设备进行实时拉弧监测预警变得迫在眉睫，对这些易发生拉弧的设备进行实时监测，故障来临时发出警报，为生活和工业用电安全提供强有力的数据支持。1、监测线路感应电流幅值，对收集到的数据进行清洗和预处理。
2、主要数据包括采样频率fs，采样长度N，信号幅值x(n)，采样序号n，频率相关分量k，不同频率成分信号强度X[K]等，若通过更换故障区域零件等方式使得基频信号强度X(10)≥7.5且没有其他谐波频率成分大于0.2即可认为拉弧故障已解除。
3、算法：
X[k]=x(0)+x(1)*cos[(2πk/1000)-jsin(2πk/1000)] +.......+x(N-1)*[cos(2π（N-1）k/N)-jsin(2π（N-1）k/N)]
将采样序号，对应信号幅值以及频率相关分量带入公式，即可求出不同频率成分下信号的强度，由于信号的基波频率为50Hz，而发生拉弧故障时信号奇次谐波频率成分会明显上升；基频成分下降，故当信号基频成分大于等于7.5时可以认为线路正常运行；当信号基频成分低于7.5时即可判定发生拉弧故障，提醒相关人员进行抢修。

With the advancement of urbanization and industrialization, the demand for electricity in both residential and industrial sectors is growing rapidly, placing unprecedented strain on power transmission systems. It has become increasingly urgent to conduct real-time arc monitoring and early warning for equipment such as power consumption circuits, electrical appliances, and switches. Real-time monitoring of these arc-prone devices and triggering alarms upon fault occurrence can provide robust data support for the safety of residential and industrial power consumption.
1. Monitor the amplitude of the line's induced current, and clean and preprocess the collected data.
2. The core dataset includes sampling frequency fs, sampling length N, signal amplitude x(n), sampling index n, frequency-related component k, and signal strength X[K] of different frequency components. If the fundamental frequency signal strength X(10) ≥ 7.5 after replacing faulty components in the affected area, and no other harmonic frequency components exceed 0.2, the arc fault can be considered eliminated.
3. Algorithm:
$X[k] = x(0) + x(1) cdot left[cosleft(frac{2pi k}{1000}
ight) - jsinleft(frac{2pi k}{1000}
ight)
ight] + dots + x(N-1) cdot left[cosleft(frac{2pi(N-1)k}{N}
ight) - jsinleft(frac{2pi(N-1)k}{N}
ight)
ight]$
Substitute the sampling index, corresponding signal amplitude and frequency-related component into the above formula to calculate the signal strength under different frequency components. Given that the fundamental frequency of the signal is 50 Hz, odd-order harmonic components will increase significantly during an arc fault, while the fundamental frequency component will decrease. Therefore, when the fundamental frequency component of the signal is greater than or equal to 7.5, the line can be deemed to be operating normally; when the fundamental frequency component is lower than 7.5, an arc fault can be determined, and relevant personnel will be alerted to conduct emergency repairs.