Inequalities in noise will affect urban wildlife

Understanding the extent to which systemic biases influence local ecological communities is essential for developing just and equitable environmental practices. With over 270 million people across the United States living in urban areas, understanding the socio-ecological consequences of racially-targeted zoning, such as redlining, provides crucial information for urban planning. There is a growing body of literature documenting the relationships between redlining and disparities in the distribution of environmental harms and goods, including inequities in green space cover and pollutant exposure. Yet, it remains unknown whether noise pollution is also inequitably distributed, and whether inequitable noise is an important driver of ecological change in urban environments. We conducted 1) a spatial analysis of urban noise to determine the extent to which noise overlaps with the distribution of redlining categories and 2) a systematic literature review to summarize the effects of noise on..., Spatial Analysis of Urban Noise Pollution
To evaluate noise exposure across HOLC redlining grades for 83 U.S. cities in our study, we acquired spatial data on the distribution of HOLC grades across U.S. cities from the Mapping Inequality Project. We also acquired data on road, rail, and aircraft noise (hereafter transportation noise models), from the U.S. Department of Transportation, National Transportation Noise Map 2018. The transportation noise models represent potential exposure to transportation noise reported on a decibel scale in a 30m x 30m pixel resolution. Here noise represents the average noise energy produced by road, rail, and aviation networks over a 24-hour period, measured in A-weighted decibels (dBA) (LAeq, 24h) at sampling locations deployed across a uniform grid in each city at an elevation of 1.5 m above ground level. Noise levels below 35 dBA are assumed to have minimal negative impacts to humans and the environment and thus are represented with null values in the ..., Data can be viewed using any software that can open a .csv file. Code can be viewed using any software that can open a .txt file., # Inequalities in noise will affect urban wildlife

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.s4mw6m998](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.s4mw6m998)

Part I: Spatial Analysis of Noise Distribution across 83 U.S. cities
File name: HOLC\_Noise\_City\_Results.csv
Date completed: 15 December 2021
Spatial dataset: U.S. Department of Transportation, National Transportation Noise Map 2018
Software used in analysis: ArcGIS Desktop v. 10.7

Part II: Literature review of papers published between 1990 and 23 June 2021 that focus on the impacts of noise pollution to urban wildlife.
File name: Urban\_noise\_wildlife\_literature\_review.csv
Date compiled: 23 June 2021
Search engine: Thompson’s ISI Web of Science
Search terms (TS=(WILDLIFE OR ANIMAL OR MAMMAL OR REPTILE OR AMPHIBIAN OR BIRD OR FISH OR INVERTEBRATE) AND TS=(NOISE OR SONAR) AND TS=(CITY OR \*URBAN OR METROPOLITAN)).

Data collection procedure: To assess the effects of noise on wildlife in urban environments, we conducted a literature review using Tho...