<b>Investigating the </b><b>g</b><b>ut </b><b>bacteria </b><b>s</b><b>tructure and </b><b>m</b><b>etabolism of </b><b>h</b><b>ibernating </b><b>b</b><b>ats through 16S rRNA </b><b>h</b><b>igh-</b><b>t</b><b>hroughput </b><b>s</b><b>equencing and </b><b>c</b><b>ulturomics</b>

The gut microbiota of bats is vital for their health and ecosystem roles, yet studies on hibernating bats in southwest China, particularly in the unique karst landscape of Guizhou, are limited. We captured three hibernatingbat species—Pipistrellus (PB), Hipposideros (HB), and Myotis (MB)—in Liping County, collecting rectal samples for 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Data processing involved Trimmomatic, Flash, and Qiime2 for OTU standardization and species annotation via the Greengenes database. Differential abundance was analyzed using LEfSe, and diversity metrics were assessed through alpha and beta diversity analyses. The HB group was predominantly composed of Proteobacteria(80.99%), while MB and PB exhibited diverse compositions with significant OTU richness (729 in MB). Notable genera included Hafniaand Yersinia in HB, and Cosenzaea myxofaciensin MB. High proportions of unclassified taxa were observed, particularly in HB (83.81%). Functional predictions indicated metabolic pathways, with a significant representation of Human Diseases in PB. Culturomics revealed the successful cultivation of Huaxiibacter chinensisand Enterobacter chengduensisfrom bats for the first time. These findings highlight the ecological complexity and diversity of hibernatingbat gut microbiota, emphasizing the need for cultivation-based approaches to explore unknown bacterial species.

蝙蝠肠道菌群对其自身健康及生态功能至关重要，但目前针对中国西南地区、尤其是贵州独特喀斯特地貌中冬眠蝙蝠的相关研究仍较为匮乏。本研究在黎平县捕获了3种冬眠蝙蝠——伏翼蝠属（Pipistrellus, PB）、蹄蝠属（Hipposideros, HB）以及鼠耳蝠属（Myotis, MB），并采集其直肠样本用于16S rRNA扩增子测序。数据处理环节采用Trimmomatic、Flash及Qiime2工具完成操作分类单元（Operational Taxonomic Unit, OTU）标准化分析，并通过Greengenes数据库完成物种注释。采用LEfSe分析物种差异丰度，并通过α多样性与β多样性分析评估菌群多样性指标。HB组菌群以变形菌门（Proteobacteria）为绝对优势类群，占比达80.99%；而MB组与PB组的菌群组成更为多样，OTU丰富度显著较高（MB组的OTU数为729）。HB组的优势菌属包括哈夫尼菌属（Hafnia）与耶尔森菌属（Yersinia），MB组则以粘液科森扎氏菌（Cosenzaea myxofaciens）为代表性类群。样本中存在较高比例的未分类类群，其中HB组的未分类类群占比高达83.81%。功能预测分析显示菌群参与多种代谢通路，其中PB组的“人类疾病”相关通路占比显著较高。培养组学分析首次成功从蝙蝠体内分离培养出中华华西杆菌（Huaxiibacter chinensis）与成都肠杆菌（Enterobacter chengduensis）。本研究结果揭示了冬眠蝙蝠肠道菌群的生态复杂性与多样性，同时强调了基于培养组学方法探索未知细菌类群的必要性。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集聚焦于中国西南部冬眠蝙蝠的肠道细菌结构和代谢研究，通过16S rRNA高通量测序和培养组学方法，分析了三种蝙蝠物种（Pipistrellus、Hipposideros、Myotis）的肠道菌群组成和功能。数据集包含物种多样性分析、差异丰度比较和代谢通路预测等结果，并首次从蝙蝠中成功培养出Huaxiibacter chinensis和Enterobacter chengduensis，突出了冬眠蝙蝠肠道菌群的生态复杂性和未知细菌物种探索的重要性。