Racism and the Constitution of an Ideological Sign of Resistence

ABSTRACT This article aims to understand the dissemination and consolidation of an ideological sign of resistance, starting with the analysis of a verbal-visual utterance, a photo reportage published in the Portuguese newspaper Expresso. That reportage, through a series of photographs and a brief text, shows a demonstration in Lisbon, in June 2020, against the murder of George Floyd, by police officers, in the USA. The Dialogical Discourse Analysis, grounded in the work of Mikhail Bakhtin and the Circle, is the theoretical and methodological basis for this article, which mobilizes the notions of ideological sign and dialogic relations. Starting with one of the photos referred to in the title of the reportage, the analysis raised meanings produced in the various axiological dialogues among spatially and temporally distinct statements, using words, images, and gestures shared during the protest demonstrations. The dialogic chains of statements show how a discourse of resistance to racism and other social inequalities is constituted, and expressed in an ideological sign.

本文旨在探讨抵抗意识形态符号的传播与巩固过程，以对葡萄牙报纸《Expresso》上发表的一篇图文报道中的言语-视觉表述进行分析为起点。该报道通过一系列照片和简短文字，描绘了2020年6月在里斯本举行的、针对美国警察谋杀乔治·弗洛伊德的抗议活动。本文的理论和方法论基础为巴赫金及其学派所倡导的对话性话语分析，并运用了意识形态符号与对话性关系的概念。分析从报道标题中提及的一张照片入手，探讨了在时空上相互区分的陈述之间，通过共享的抗议活动中词汇、图像和手势产生的各种价值对话所形成的意义。陈述的对话链条揭示了如何构成并表达抵抗种族主义及其他社会不平等的意识形态符号。