National Adult Tobacco Survey 2010 - Cambodia

Abstract
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This National Adult Tobacco Survey promotes capacity building within the Kingdom of Cambodia for future tobacco research and long-term tobacco control strategies. The specific objectives of the survey are:

- To systematically monitor adult tobacco use (smoking and smokeless) and track key tobacco control indicators in a nationally representative sample of Cambodia.
- To track implementation of FCTC recommended policies outlined in the MPOWER package.

Geographic coverage
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National

Analysis unit
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Individual, Household

Universe
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The study covered all members of resident households in Cambodia.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sample population was representative of 12 individual provinces and five groups of provinces. The sample population was stratified in three stages. Initially, the whole sample population was divided by domain: urban and rural then by other criteria. All potential participants from each selected household were interviewed. In consideration of sampling techniques and the sample size (about 15,615 eligible participants 15 years of age and older), this survey report is considered a nationally representative survey of tobacco use among the general populations within the Royal Cambodian Kingdom.

Section 2 of the NATS 2011 report as well as Appendix B provides a detailed discussion of the survey sampling design.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Two main questionnaires were canvassed for this survey: Form 1 (Listing of Households) and Form 2 (Core Questionnaire).

1. Form 1 was filled up for the listing of households in every sample village (or segment of sample village) only.

2. Form 2 contains about 103 items including demographic characteristics, tobacco use, knowledge and attitudes about tobacco use, exposure to second hand smoke, smoking cessation activities, lifestyle habits, exposure to tobacco media advertisements, and other miscellaneous questions. Information was collected from sample households within sample village (or segment of sample village).

The contents of the Form 1 (Listing of Household) and Form 2 (Core Questionnaire) may be indicated by the following list of items of information to be collected for each sample village through the questionnaires:

I. Face Page

II. Demographic characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, ethnicity, literacy, education, occupation, and income (question number 1-19)

III. Tobacco use
· Smoking cigarettes (question number 20-36)
· Chewing tobacco (question number 37-47)
· Smoking pipe (question number 48-60)
· Age at initiation (question number 61-64)
· Reasons for starting/continuing to use tobacco (question number 65-66)

IV. Knowledge and Attitudes about tobacco use
· Knowledge of harmful effects (question number 67-71)
· Attitudes about tobacco use (question number 72)
· Attitudes about tobacco use in the community (question number 73-74)
· Attitudes about anti-tobacco policies (question number 75-76)
· Attitudes about addiction (question number 77)

V. Passive smoking (question number 78-80)

VI. Smoking cessation (question number 81-88)

VII. Lifestyle
· Anthropometrics (question number 89-90)
· Diet (question number 91)
· Health status (question number 92-95)
· Access to health care (question number 96)
· Women's health (question number 97-98)
· Children in the Household

VIII. Media (question number 99-102)

IX. Miscellaneous questions (question number 103)

Cleaning operations
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Manual processing of questionnaires verified status of completeness, correctness, and consistency of the data entries. The coding classification of Occupations and Industries was used and were developed for the Cambodian National Tobacco Survey. The coding and classification scheme were based on the UN International Standard Occupations Classification (ISOC) and UN International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC) systems, respectively. Manual editing and coding were performed by four persons (one supervisor and three processors) all of them from NIS. They participated in editing and coding of many surveys conducted by NIS.

Response rate
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The end result of all interviewing yielded a 97% percent response rate.

Sampling error estimates
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Substantial differences (sampling error of > 10%) results in the addition of sample points and subjects on a per domain basis until the comparability with current national data is achieved.

摘要
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本柬埔寨全国成人烟草调查旨在加强柬埔寨王国在烟草研究和长期烟草控制策略方面的能力建设。调查的具体目标如下：
- 系统监测柬埔寨全国范围内的成人烟草使用情况（包括吸烟和无烟烟草使用），并在全国代表性样本中追踪关键烟草控制指标。
- 追踪实施《世界卫生组织烟草控制框架公约》（FCTC）中MPOWER方案所建议的政策。
地理覆盖范围
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全国
分析单位
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个人，家庭
总体
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本研究覆盖了柬埔寨所有居住家庭的所有成员。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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样本人口代表了柬埔寨12个省份和5个省份群体。样本人口分为三个阶段进行分层。最初，整个样本人口根据领域（城市和农村）以及其他标准进行划分。对每个选定的家庭的所有潜在参与者进行了访谈。考虑到抽样技术和样本量（约15,615名符合条件的15岁及以上参与者），本次调查报告被视为柬埔寨王国国内普通人群烟草使用情况的全国代表性调查。
NATS 2011报告的第二部分以及附录B提供了关于调查抽样设计的详细讨论。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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本次调查主要采用了两项问卷：形式1（家庭清单）和形式2（核心问卷）。
1. 形式1仅用于记录每个样本村庄（或样本村庄的一部分）的家庭清单。
2. 形式2包含约103个项目，包括人口统计学特征、烟草使用、对烟草使用的认知和态度、二手烟暴露、戒烟活动、生活方式习惯、烟草媒体广告暴露以及其他杂项问题。信息收集自样本村庄（或样本村庄的一部分）内的样本家庭。
以下列表显示了通过问卷收集的每个样本村庄的信息收集项目：
I. 封面页
II. 人口统计学特征，如年龄、性别、婚姻状况、民族、识字程度、教育、职业和收入（问题编号1-19）
III. 烟草使用
· 吸烟（问题编号20-36）
· 吸嚼烟草（问题编号37-47）
· 吸烟斗（问题编号48-60）
· 吸烟起始年龄（问题编号61-64）
· 吸烟起始或持续使用的原因（问题编号65-66）
IV. 对烟草使用的认知和态度
· 对有害效应的认知（问题编号67-71）
· 对烟草使用的态度（问题编号72）
· 对社区中烟草使用的态度（问题编号73-74）
· 对反烟草政策的看法（问题编号75-76）
· 对成瘾的看法（问题编号77）
V. 被动吸烟（问题编号78-80）
VI. 戒烟（问题编号81-88）
VII. 生活方式
· 人体测量学（问题编号89-90）
· 饮食（问题编号91）
· 健康状况（问题编号92-95）
· 健康护理可及性（问题编号96）
· 妇女健康（问题编号97-98）
· 家庭中的儿童
VIII. 媒体（问题编号99-102）
IX. 杂项问题（问题编号103）
数据清理操作
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手动处理问卷以验证数据录入的完整性、正确性和一致性。使用职业和行业编码分类方案，该方案是为柬埔寨国家烟草调查开发的。编码和分类方案分别基于联合国国际标准职业分类（ISOC）和联合国国际标准工业分类（ISIC）系统。手动编辑和编码由四名人员（一名主管和三名处理人员）进行，他们均来自国家统计局。他们参与了国家统计局进行的许多调查的编辑和编码。
响应率
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所有访谈的最终结果实现了97%的响应率。
抽样误差估计
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显著差异（抽样误差>10%）导致在各个领域的基础上增加样本点和主题，直到与当前国家数据可比。