National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2012

The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) series (formerly titled National Household Survey on Drug Abuse) primarily measures the prevalence and correlates of drug use in the United States. The surveys are designed to provide quarterly, as well as annual, estimates. Information is provided on the use of illicit drugs, alcohol, and tobacco among members of United States households aged 12 and older. Questions included age at first use as well as lifetime, annual, and past-month usage for the following drug classes: marijuana, cocaine (and crack), hallucinogens, heroin, inhalants, alcohol, tobacco, and nonmedical use of prescription drugs, including pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. The survey covered substance abuse treatment history and perceived need for treatment, and included questions from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) of Mental Disorders that allow diagnostic criteria to be applied. The survey included questions concerning treatment for both substance abuse and mental health-related disorders. Respondents were also asked about personal and family income sources and amounts, health care access and coverage, illegal activities and arrest record, problems resulting from the use of drugs, and needle-sharing. Questions introduced in previous administrations were retained in the 2012 survey, including questions asked only of respondents aged 12 to 17. These "youth experiences" items covered a variety of topics, such as neighborhood environment, illegal activities, drug use by friends, social support, extracurricular activities, exposure to substance abuse prevention and education programs, and perceived adult attitudes toward drug use and activities such as school work. Several measures focused on prevention-related themes in this section. Also retained were questions on mental health and access to care, perceived risk of using drugs, perceived availability of drugs, driving and personal behavior, and cigar smoking. Questions on the tobacco brand used most often were introduced with the 1999 survey. For the 2008 survey, adult mental health questions were added to measure symptoms of psychological distress in the worst period of distress that a person experienced in the past 30 days and suicidal ideation. In 2008, a split-sample design also was included to administer separate sets of questions (WHODAS vs. SDS) to assess impairment due to mental health problems. Beginning with the 2009 NSDUH, however, all of the adults in the sample received only the WHODAS questions. Background information includes gender, race, age, ethnicity, marital status, educational level, job status, veteran status, and current household composition.

《国家药物使用与健康调查》（NSDUH，原名《国家家庭药物滥用调查》）系列主要衡量美国药物使用的普遍性和相关性。该调查旨在提供季度和年度的估计数据。数据涵盖了美国12岁及以上家庭成员非法药物、酒精和烟草的使用情况，包括首次使用年龄、终身、年度和过去一个月的各类药物使用情况，如大麻、可卡因（和可卡因烟）、致幻剂、海洛因、吸入剂、酒精、烟草以及处方药的非法使用，包括止痛药、镇静剂、兴奋剂和安眠药。调查还包括了药物滥用治疗史和 perceived need for treatment，以及来自《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》（DSM）的问题，这些问题允许应用诊断标准。调查还涵盖了物质滥用和心理健康相关疾病的治疗方法。受访者还被问及个人和家庭收入来源及数额、医疗保健获取和覆盖范围、非法活动和逮捕记录、药物使用导致的后果以及针头共享情况。在2012年的调查中保留了先前调查中引入的问题，包括仅针对12至17岁受访者的问题。这些“青年经历”项目涵盖了各种主题，如社区环境、非法活动、朋友使用药物、社会支持、课外活动、接触药物滥用预防和教育项目，以及成年人对药物使用和学校工作等活动态度的 perceived。本节还保留了与心理健康和医疗保健获取、 perceived 药物使用风险、 perceived 药物可获得性、驾驶和个人行为、雪茄吸烟相关的问题。1999年调查中引入了关于最常使用的烟草品牌的问题。在2008年的调查中，增加了成人心理健康问题，以衡量在过去30天内经历的最严重的心理压力期间的心理压力症状和自杀意念。在2008年，还采用了分层抽样设计，对两组不同的调查问题（WHODAS vs. SDS）进行单独的问答，以评估心理健康问题的损害。然而，从2009年NSDUH开始，样本中的所有成年人只接受WHODAS问题的调查。背景信息包括性别、种族、年龄、民族、婚姻状况、教育水平、就业状况、退伍军人身份和当前家庭构成。