Analyzing chemically modified therapeutics RNAs with direct RNA sequencing

Nanopore direct RNA sequencing provided a promising solution for unraveling the landscapes of modifications on single RNA molecules. Here, we proposed NanoMUD, a computational framework for predicting the RNA pseudouridine modification and its methylated analog N1-methylpseudouridine, which have critical application in mRNA vaccination, at single-base and single-molecule resolution from direct RNA sequencing data.