Enterprise Survey 2019 - Croatia

Abstract
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The survey was conducted in Croatia between November 2018 and November 2019. The survey was part of a joint project of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD), the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the World Bank Group (WBG).

The objective of the Enterprise Survey is to gain an understanding of what firms experience in the private sector.

As part of its strategic goal of building a climate for investment, job creation, and sustainable growth, the World Bank has promoted improving the business environment as a key strategy for development, which has led to a systematic effort in collecting enterprise data across countries. The Enterprise Surveys (ES) are an ongoing World Bank project in collecting both objective data based on firms’ experiences and enterprises’ perception of the environment in which they operate.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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The primary sampling unit of the study is the establishment. An establishment is a physical location where business is carried out and where industrial operations take place or services are provided. A firm may be composed of one or more establishments. For example, a brewery may have several bottling plants and several establishments for distribution. For the purposes of this survey an establishment must make its own financial decisions and have its own financial statements separate from those of the firm. An establishment must also have its own management and control over its payroll.

Universe
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For the Croatia ES, size stratification was defined as follows: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (100 or more employees).

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The sample for 2019 Croatia ES was selected using stratified random sampling, following the methodology explained in the Sampling Note.

Three levels of stratification were used in this country: industry, establishment size, and region. The original sample design with specific information of the industries and regions chosen is described in “The Croatia 2019 Enterprise Surveys Data Set” report Appendix C.

Industry stratification was done as follows: Manufacturing – combining all the relevant activities (ISIC Rev. 3.1 codes 15-37), Retail (ISIC code 52) and Services (ISIC codes 45, 47, 50, 51, 55, 60-64, and 72).

For the Croatia ES, size stratification was defined as follows: small (5 to 19 employees), medium (20 to 99 employees), and large (100 or more employees).

Regional stratification for the Croatia ES was done across two regions: Kontinentalna Hrvatska and Jadranska Hrvatska.

Note: See Sections II and III of “The Croatia 2019 Enterprise Surveys Data Set” report for additional details on the sampling procedure.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Two questionnaires - Manufacturing amd Services were used to collect the survey data.

The questionnaires have common questions (core module) and respectfully additional manufacturing- and services-specific questions. The eligible manufacturing industries have been surveyed using the Manufacturing questionnaire (includes the core module, plus manufacturing specific questions). Retail firms have been interviewed using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module plus retail specific questions) and the residual eligible services have been covered using the Services questionnaire (includes the core module). Each variation of the questionnaire is identified by the index variable, a0.

Response rate
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Survey non-response must be differentiated from item non-response. The former refers to refusals to participate in the survey altogether whereas the latter refers to the refusals to answer some specific questions. Enterprise Surveys suffer from both problems and different strategies were used to address these issues.

Item non-response was addressed by two strategies:
a- For sensitive questions that may generate negative reactions from the respondent, such as corruption or tax evasion, enumerators were instructed to collect the refusal to respond (-8) as a different option from don’t know (-9).

b- Establishments with incomplete information were re-contacted in order to complete this information, whenever necessary. For this survey there were zero non-responses for the sales variable, d2. Please, note that for this specific question, refusals were not separately identified from “Don’t know” responses.

The number of interviews per contacted establishments was 11.2%. This number is the result of two factors: explicit refusals to participate in the survey, as reflected by the rate of rejection (which includes rejections of the screener and the main survey) and the quality of the sample frame, as represented by the presence of ineligible units.

The share of rejections per contact was 63.8%.

摘要
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本调查于2018年11月至2019年11月在克罗地亚进行。该调查是欧洲复兴开发银行（EBRD）、欧洲投资银行（EIB）和世界银行集团（WBG）联合项目的组成部分。
企业调查的目的是深入了解私营部门企业的经历。
在世界银行旨在营造投资、就业和可持续增长氛围的战略目标下，该行将改善商业环境视为发展的关键战略，这促使对各国企业数据的系统性收集工作得以开展。企业调查（ES）是世界银行持续进行的项目，旨在收集基于企业经历的客观数据以及企业对其运营环境的感知。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单位
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本研究的主要抽样单位为法人实体。法人实体是指开展商业活动和工业运营或提供服务的地方。一个企业可能包含一个或多个法人实体。例如，一家啤酒厂可能拥有多个灌装厂和多个用于分销的法人实体。在本调查中，法人实体必须能够独立做出财务决策，并拥有与企业的财务报表分开的独立财务报表。法人实体还必须拥有自己的管理和对其工资单的控制。
总体
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对于克罗地亚企业调查，规模分层被定义为以下类别：小型（5至19名员工）、中型（20至99名员工）和大型（100名或以上员工）。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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2019年克罗地亚企业调查的样本采用分层随机抽样方法选取，具体方法参见抽样说明。
在本国，使用了三个层次的分层：行业、法人实体规模和地区。具体的样本设计信息，包括所选行业和地区的详细信息，在《克罗地亚2019企业调查数据集》报告的附录C中描述。
行业分层如下：制造业——结合所有相关活动（ISIC Rev. 3.1代码15-37）、零售业（ISIC代码52）和服务业（ISIC代码45、47、50、51、55、60-64和72）。
对于克罗地亚企业调查，规模分层被定义为以下类别：小型（5至19名员工）、中型（20至99名员工）和大型（100名或以上员工）。
地区分层针对克罗地亚企业调查涉及两个地区：Kontinentalna Hrvatska和Jadranska Hrvatska。
注：请参阅《克罗地亚2019企业调查数据集》报告的第二部分和第三部分，以获取有关抽样程序的更多详细信息。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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使用了两份问卷——制造业和服务业——来收集调查数据。
问卷包含共同问题（核心模块）以及各自特有的制造业和服务业特定问题。通过制造业问卷（包含核心模块以及制造业特定问题）对合格制造业行业进行了调查。通过服务业问卷（包含核心模块以及零售业特定问题）对零售企业进行了访谈，而剩余的合格服务业则使用服务业问卷（包含核心模块）进行覆盖。每种问卷变体都通过索引变量a0进行标识。
响应率
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调查非响应必须与项目非响应区分开来。前者指的是拒绝参与调查的行为，而后者指的是拒绝回答某些特定问题。企业调查面临着这两个问题，并采用了不同的策略来解决这些问题。
项目非响应的处理采用以下两种策略：
a- 对于可能引起受访者负面反应的敏感问题，例如腐败或逃税，调查员被指示将拒绝回答（-8）作为一个不同于不知道（-9）的选项进行收集。
b- 对于信息不完整的法人实体，在必要时会重新联系以补充这些信息。对于此次调查，销售变量d2的零响应率为零。请注意，对于此特定问题，拒绝回答并未与“不知道”的回答分开识别。
每个联系到的法人实体中的访谈数量为11.2%。这个数字是两个因素的结果：明确拒绝参与调查，如反映在拒绝率（包括筛选和主要调查的拒绝）中，以及样本框的质量，如不合格单位的数量所代表。
每个接触点的拒绝份额为63.8%。