黑河流域地表过程综合观测网：大沙龙站自动气象站（2022）

该数据集包含了2022年1月1日至2022年12月31日黑河流域地表过程综合观测网上游大沙龙站气象要素观测数据。站点位于青海省祁连县西侧沙龙滩地区，下垫面是沼泽化高寒草甸。观测点的经纬度是98.9406E, 38.8399N，海拔3739m。空气温度、相对湿度传感器架设在5m处，朝向正北；气压计安装在地面上的防撬箱内；翻斗式雨量计安装在10m处；风速与风向传感器架设在10m，朝向正北；四分量辐射仪安装在6m处，朝向正南；两个红外温度计安装在6m处，朝向正南，探头朝向是垂直向下；土壤温度探头埋设在地表0cm和地下4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm、160cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤水分探头埋设在地下4cm、10cm、20cm、40cm、80cm、120cm、160cm处，在距离气象塔2m的正南方；土壤热流板（3块）依次埋设在地下6cm处，并距离气象塔2m的正南方。
观测项目有：空气温湿度（Ta_5m、RH_5m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（Press）(单位：百帕)、降水量（Rain）(单位：毫米)、风速（WS_10m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_10m）(单位：度)、四分量辐射（DR、UR、DLR_Cor、ULR_Cor、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（IRT_1、IRT_2）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（Gs_1、Gs_2、Gs_3）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤温度（Ts_0cm、Ts_4cm、Ts_10cm、Ts_20cm、Ts_40cm、Ts_80cm、Ts_120cm、Ts_160cm）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤水分（Ms_4cm、Ms_10cm、Ms_20cm、Ms_40cm、Ms_80cm、Ms_120cm、Ms_160cm）(单位：体积含水量，百分比)。
观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天144个数据（每10min），若出现数据的缺失，则由-6999标示；6月中下旬至9月上旬由于数据采集器问题，出现数据缺失（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。如，时间为：2022-9-10 10:30；（6）命名规则为：AWS+站点名称。
黑河综合观测网或站点信息请参考Liu et al. (2018)，观测数据处理请参考Liu et al. (2011)。

This dataset contains meteorological observation data from the Dshalong Station in the upper reaches of the Heihe River Basin Surface Process Comprehensive Observation Network, spanning from January 1, 2022 to December 31, 2022. The station is situated in the Shalongtan area west of Qilian County, Qinghai Province, with the underlying surface being swampy alpine meadow. The observation site has geographic coordinates of 98.9406°E, 38.8399°N, and an elevation of 3739 m. Air temperature and relative humidity sensors are mounted at 5 m height, facing true north; the barometer is installed in a tamper-proof enclosure on the ground; the tipping-bucket rain gauge is installed at 10 m height; wind speed and direction sensors are mounted at 10 m height, facing true north; the four-component radiometer is installed at 6 m height, facing true south; two infrared thermometers are installed at 6 m height, facing true south, with their probes pointing vertically downward. Soil temperature probes are buried at 0 cm (surface) and 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 160 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower. Soil moisture probes are buried at 4 cm, 10 cm, 20 cm, 40 cm, 80 cm, 120 cm, 160 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower. Three soil heat flux plates are sequentially buried at 6 cm underground, 2 m directly south of the meteorological tower.

Observation items include: air temperature and humidity (Ta_5m, RH_5m) (units: degrees Celsius, percentage), atmospheric pressure (Press) (unit: hectopascal), precipitation (Rain) (unit: millimeter), wind speed (WS_10m) (unit: meter per second), wind direction (WD_10m) (unit: degree), four-component radiation (DR, UR, DLR_Cor, ULR_Cor, Rn) (unit: watt per square meter), surface radiation temperature (IRT_1, IRT_2) (unit: degrees Celsius), soil heat flux (Gs_1, Gs_2, Gs_3) (unit: watt per square meter), soil temperature (Ts_0cm, Ts_4cm, Ts_10cm, Ts_20cm, Ts_40cm, Ts_80cm, Ts_120cm, Ts_160cm) (unit: degrees Celsius), soil moisture (Ms_4cm, Ms_10cm, Ms_20cm, Ms_40cm, Ms_80cm, Ms_120cm, Ms_160cm) (unit: volumetric water content, percentage).

Data processing and quality control procedures for the observation data are as follows: (1) Ensure 144 data records per day (one record every 10 minutes). Missing data are marked with -6999; data gaps occurred from mid-to-late June to early September 2022 due to data logger malfunctions. (2) Remove records with duplicate timestamps; (3) Delete data that clearly exceed physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Data marked in red are considered questionable; (5) Date and time formats are unified, with date and time stored in the same column. For example, the time format is: 2022-9-10 10:30; (6) The file naming convention is: AWS + station name.

For information regarding the Heihe River Basin Comprehensive Observation Network or the station, please refer to Liu et al. (2018); for details on observation data processing, please refer to Liu et al. (2011).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是2022年黑河流域地表过程综合观测网上游大沙龙站的自动气象站观测数据，覆盖全年时间范围，站点位于青海省祁连县高海拔（3739米）沼泽化高寒草甸地区。数据集包含空气温湿度、降水、风速风向、辐射、土壤温湿度等多要素观测，并经过严格质量控制处理，适用于高寒区域地表过程和环境变化研究。