Description of the baseline of included trials.

— = no data provided; NA = not available ; RCT = randomized-controlled trials; LOE = level of evidence; BSS: balanced saline solution.aThe part included in the partly retrospective study is retrospective.bThe study quality is evaluated by Downs and Black score and Newcastle-Ottowa Scale (NOS). The Downs and Black score for both RCT and non-RCT while NOS for RCT only.cThe matching factors are: (1) age, (2) gender, (3) macular hole type, (4) symptom duration, (5) preoperative visual acuity, (6) one surgeon, (7), follow-up time.