Dataset of soil organic carbon density of typical ecosystems in the arid region of northwest China from 2005 to 2020

Based on the long-term soil observation data collected from the ecological field stations of China Ecosystem Research Network (CERN) located in five provinces and regions of northwest China, the soil organic carbon density dataset of typical ecosystems in the arid region of Northwest China was calculated by organic carbon estimation model. This dataset contains the soil organic carbon density data of topsoil (0-20 cm) and soil profile of various long-term observation plots at 11 ecological field stations from 2005 to 2020, in order to provide valuable measured data for the estimation of soil carbon storage and the study of carbon cycle process in the arid area of northwest China.