Free-time Residence Barometer 2015

The survey studied the use of Finnish free-time residences and holidays homes and its development. Similar surveys were also conducted in 2003 and 2008. The 2015 survey was commissioned and funded by the Island Committee of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry and conducted by FCG Finnish Consulting Group. Spending time at a free-time residence (mökki) is a widespread phenomenon in Finland with deep historical and cultural roots, forming a significant part of domestic tourism. In this survey, the term "free-time residence" refers to rural recreational residences (holiday homes, cottages) mainly used during weekends and holidays, especially during summertime. The use of the free-time residence was charted by asking the respondents, for example, about the distance between their free-time residence and permanent residence in kilometres and hours, the location of their free-time residence, and its suitability for year-round habitation. They were also asked to indicate the number of days their holiday home had been used each month in the previous 12 months as well as the number of people who had spent at least one night there. Willingness to rent out the residence to other people was also queried. The respondents were asked whether their use of the residence had increased or decreased in the previous three years, and to estimate whether it would increase or decrease in the following three years. In addition, they were asked whether a household member had commuted to work from or worked remotely from the second home, and whether they themselves would be willing to telework there. Questions related to the standard of equipment covered the total floorage, access to electricity, heating, and various equipment in the free-time residence. Views were also probed on the accommodation capacity, improvements made in the last 12 months, and future improvements. In addition, the respondents were asked to rate the overall state of the main building. Water supply and waste disposal was investigated with questions about sources of water for drinking, cooking and washing, wastewater management, type of outhouse, and waste management. Service provision at the free-time residence was charted by asking the distance to the nearest services (e.g. grocery store, health centre, library, post office, bus stop). The respondents were asked whether they or a household member had plans to officially move to the municipality where the residence was located. Satisfaction with various services available in the proximity of the residence was canvassed as well as willingness to buy various services. In addition, the respondents were asked whether they usually bought groceries and other goods and services from a store/company located in their municipality of residence, along the way, or in the municipality where the free-time residence was located. Final questions charted the use of money. The respondents were asked about the average amount of money used per each day spent at the free-time residence, and the amount of money spent on building or repairing the residence, purchasing goods, and using services close to the residence in the previous 12 months. In addition, the annual amount of various fees and user charges related to the residence (e.g. real property tax, private road fees, harbour and quay dues, and waste collection, electricity, waste water, and telephone charges) was queried. Background variables included the respondent's economic activity, household size and monthly gross income, and region where the free-time residence was located.

本研究调查了芬兰休闲住宅和度假别墅的使用情况及其发展历程。此类调查亦于2003年和2008年进行。2015年的调查由农林部岛屿委员会委托并资助，由芬兰咨询集团FCG负责实施。在芬兰，休闲住宅（mökki）的居住已成为一种根深蒂固的历史文化现象，构成了国内旅游的重要组成部分。在本调查中，“休闲住宅”一词指代主要用于周末和假期的农村休闲住宅（度假别墅、小屋），尤其在夏季。通过询问受访者，例如，他们休闲住宅与常住住宅之间的距离（公里和小时），休闲住宅的位置及其全年居住的适宜性，来绘制休闲住宅的使用情况。受访者还被要求说明在过去12个月内他们的度假别墅每月的使用天数以及至少在那里过夜的人数。此外，还调查了将住宅出租给他人的意愿。受访者还被询问在过去三年中他们的住宅使用是否有所增加或减少，并预测未来三年是否会增加或减少。此外，他们还被询问家庭成员是否从该第二住宅通勤至工作地点或远程工作，以及他们自己是否愿意在那里远程办公。关于设备标准的调查涵盖了总面积、电力接入、供暖以及休闲住宅中的各种设备。还对住宿容量、过去12个月内进行的改进以及未来改进的看法进行了调查。此外，受访者还被要求对主要建筑的整体状况进行评分。通过关于饮用水、烹饪和洗涤用水来源、污水管理、厕所类型和废物处理等问题，调查了水资源和废物处理情况。通过询问距离最近的服务设施（例如杂货店、医疗中心、图书馆、邮局、公交车站）的距离，绘制了休闲住宅的服务提供情况。受访者还被询问他们或家庭成员是否有计划正式迁至住宅所在市镇。还调查了受访者对住宅附近各种服务的满意度以及购买各种服务的意愿。此外，受访者还被询问他们通常是否从居住地的商店/公司购买杂货和其他商品服务，途中，或在休闲住宅所在的市镇。最后，调查了金钱的使用情况。受访者被询问在休闲住宅中度过每一天的平均花费金额，以及在过去12个月内用于建筑或修缮住宅、购买商品和使用住宅附近服务的花费金额。此外，还查询了与住宅相关的年度各种费用和用户费用（例如房地产税、私人道路费、港口和码头费、废物收集、电力、污水和电话费）。背景变量包括受访者的经济活动、家庭规模和月均毛收入，以及休闲住宅所在的地区。