Raw Data (Panax notoginseng-Derived Nanovesicles)

In this study, we screened a panel of six PELNVs and found Panax notoginseng-derived PELNVs (PNVs) displayed superior cell proliferation-promoting activity. To further amplify the bioactivity of PNVs, we actively loaded epidermal growth factor (EGF) onto PNVs (EGF@PNVs). By employing LC-MS and miRNA sequencing, we identified abundant small-molecule compounds (e.g., ginsenoside Rb1, Rg1) and miRNAs (e.g., miRNA 159) in PNVs. In vitro experiments demonstrated that PNVs and EGF@PNVs significantly enhanced the proliferation and migration of human keratinocytes (HACATs) as well as the repair of skin mechanical trauma. Moreover, they not only directly accelerated the proliferation and migration of L929 mouse fibroblast cells (L929 cells) but also orchestrated the secretion of TNF-α by mouse mononuclear macrophages (RAW264.7 cells). This cytokine subsequently induced the fibroblast activation or phenotype modulation in L929 cells, further augmenting their proliferative and migratory potential. In a mouse skin injury model both formulations accelerated wound closure and exerted immunomodulatory effects, with EGF@PNVs consistently outperforming PNVs. Collectively, our findings introduce EGF@PNVs as a natural, cost-effective, topical alternative to conventional biologics for wound management.