New mechanistic insights of anti-obesity by sleeve gastrectomy-altered gut microbiota and lipid metabolism

The mechanisms that underlie bariatric surgery-related bodyweight loss are not fully understood. Here, we took an unbiased approach of multi-omics to investigate the role of sleeve gastrectomy (SG)-altered gut microbiota in anti-obesity of 5 obese patients. Non-target metabolome sequencing was performed using the fecal and serum samples. Our data show that SG markedly increased microbiota diversity and Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Bactreoidales, and Enterobacteraies robustly increased. These compositional changes were positively correlated with lipid metabolites, including sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and unsaturated fatty acids. Increases of Rikenellaceae, Alistipes, and Parabacteroide were reversely correlated with body mass index (BMI). On the basis of these findings, we have identified a number of microbiotas that could be potential targets for treatment of obesity.