EDUCATION AS A CATALYST FOR SOCIAL MODERNITY

The Jadid movement, which arose among Muslim communities in the Russian Empire during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, sought to overcome social and cultural stagnation through reform. At the core of this movement was a commitment to education, viewed as the primary means to enhance literacy, critical reasoning, and social progress. This article explores the structure and methods of Jadid schooling, situating these reforms within their historical context and assessing their outcomes and societal impact. The analysis reveals that Jadid educational initiatives were crucial in forming a modern Muslim intelligentsia capable of responding to the challenges of the modern era.