Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities, 2019

The 2019 Census of State and Federal Adult Correctional Facilities (CCF) was the ninth enumeration of state institutions and the sixth enumeration of federal institutions sponsored by the Bureau of Justice Statistics and its predecessors. Earlier censuses were completed in 1979 (ICPSR 7852), 1984 (ICPSR 8444), 1990 (ICPSR 9908), 1995 (ICPSR 6953), 2000 (ICPSR 4021), 2005 (ICPSR 24642), and 2012 (ICPSR 37294). The 2019 CCF consisted of two data collection instruments - one for confinement facilities and one for community-based facilities. For each facility, information was provided on facility operator; sex of prisoners authorized to be housed by facility; facility functions; percentage of prisoners authorized to leave the facility; one-day counts of prisoners by sex, race/ethnicity, special populations, and holding authority; number of walkaways occurring over a one-year period; and educational and other special programs offered to prisoners. Additional information was collected from confinement facilities, including physical security level; housing for special populations; capacity; court orders for specific conditions; one-day count of correctional staff by payroll status and sex; one-day count of security staff by sex and race/ethnicity; assaults and incidents caused by prisoners; number of escapes occurring over a one-year period; and work assignments available to prisoners. Late in the data collection to avoid complete nonresponse from facilities, BJS offered the option of providing critical data elements from the two data collection instruments. These elements included facility operator; sex of prisoners authorized to be housed by facility; facility functions; percentage of prisoners authorized to leave the facility; one-day counts of prisoners by sex, and holding authority. Physical security level was an additional critical data element for confinement facilities. The census counted prisoners held in the facilities, a custody count. Some prisoners who are held in the custody of one jurisdiction may be under the authority of a different jurisdiction. The custody count is distinct from a count of prisoners under a correctional authority's jurisdiction, which includes all prisoners over whom a correctional authority exercises control, regardless of where the prisoner is housed. A jurisdictional count is more inclusive than a prison custody count and includes state and federal prisoners housed in local jails or other non-correctional facilities.

2019年国家及联邦成人矫正设施普查（CCF）是由司法统计局及其前身主办的第九次州立机构普查和第六次联邦机构普查。早期的普查分别在1979年（ICPSR 7852）、1984年（ICPSR 8444）、1990年（ICPSR 9908）、1995年（ICPSR 6953）、2000年（ICPSR 4021）、2005年（ICPSR 24642）和2012年（ICPSR 37294）完成。2019年的CCF普查包含两项数据收集工具——一项用于监禁设施，另一项用于社区基础设施。对于每个设施，均提供了设施运营商；由设施授权容纳的囚犯性别；设施功能；被授权离开设施囚犯的比例；按性别、种族/民族、特殊群体和监管当局统计的囚犯一日计数；一年内发生的逃亡人数；以及提供给囚犯的教育和其他特殊项目信息。此外，从监禁设施收集了额外的信息，包括物理安全级别；特殊群体住房；容量；特定条件的法院命令；按工资状态和性别统计的矫正工作人员一日计数；按性别和种族/民族统计的安全工作人员一日计数；囚犯引发的袭击和事件；一年内发生的逃亡人数；以及可供囚犯选择的工作分配。为了在数据收集后期避免设施完全无响应，司法统计局提供了从两项数据收集工具中提供关键数据元素的选择。这些元素包括设施运营商；由设施授权容纳的囚犯性别；设施功能；被授权离开设施囚犯的比例；按性别统计的囚犯一日计数和监管当局。对于监禁设施，物理安全级别是另一个关键数据元素。普查统计了设施内关押的囚犯，即监管计数。一些被一个司法管辖区监管的囚犯可能受到另一个司法管辖区的授权。监管计数与监管当局管辖范围内的囚犯计数不同，后者包括所有监管当局控制的囚犯，无论囚犯被关押在哪里。司法管辖区计数比监狱监管计数更为广泛，包括被关押在地方监狱或其他非矫正设施中的州和联邦囚犯。