Characteristics of the mothers and their newborn, depending on their country of origin.

a Standard Deviation.
b % Valid when missing.
c Insufficient Oral Spanish language skill.
d Insufficient Reading Spanish skills.
e Insufficient Writing Spanish skills.
f Referral to social worker because of Social Risk factor detection.
g Prenatal care as assessed by KI: Adequate: first consultation before week 14 and at least 9 consultations during gestation. Inadequate: start of care after week 28, or less than 4 consultations during gestation. Intermediate: the other combinations.
h Prenatal care as assessed by OI: Adequate: all 7 indicators of the Spanish Health Service pregnancy care protocol met. Inadequate: ≥4 indicators unmet. Intermediate: 1–3 indicators unmet.
*p ≥ 0.01 - < 0.05
** p ≥ 0.001 - < 0.01
*** p < 0.001
Cantabria (Spain): African immigrants and Spanish women 2007–2010.