Post-cranial remains of Rhinocerotidae from the Neogene of central Myanmar: morphological descriptions and comparisons with ratios

New post-cranial remains from the early Late Miocene have been discovered in the lowermost part of the Irrawaddy Formation, Tebingan area, central Myanmar. Three genera and one indeterminate taxon were identified: Rhinoceros sp. Rhinoceros cf. R. sondaicus, Dicerorhinus sp., Brachypotherium perimense, and Rhinocerotidae indet. The evolutionary history of the Rhinocerotidae is still poorly known in Southeast Asia. Few Rhinoceros species, Rhinoceros sp. ‘B’. fatehjangense, and B. perimense, has already been identified in the Tebingan area by dental remains. The present discovery of the post-cranial remains of Rhinoceros cf. R. sondaicus and Dicerorhinus sp. that complements previous studies based on dental remains. The early Late Miocene Tebingan record is the oldest fossil record of Dicerorhinus in Southeast Asia, indicating a continental origin of the genus. Furthermore, the possible presence of R. sondaicus in the Tebingan area suggests that it may have appeared in Southeast Asia as early as the early Late Miocene.