Patient-to-Nurse Ratios, Hospital Characteristics, and Short-Term Patient Outcomes: A Nationwide Study, 2015–2024

We used open data on the daily average PNR between 2015 and 2024 obtained from the National Health Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan. The data contained year, month, PNR, hospital level, hospital name, occupancy rates for acute general beds, and acute psychiatric beds, and included 499 hospitals with 4,082 records of data (https://www.nhi.gov.tw/ch/cp-5095-32156-3033-1.html).Patient-to-Nurse Ratio (PNR)The PNR was defined as the number of acute general beds multiplied by the occupancy rate then by three, divided by the average number of nurses across three daily shifts.