Eurobarometer 92.4 (2019)

Since the early 1970s the European Commission´s Standard & Special Eurobarometer are regularly monitoring the public opinion in the European Union member countries. Principal investigators are the Directorate-General Communication and on occasion other departments of the European Commission or the European Parliament. Over time, candidate and accession countries were included in the Standard Eurobarometer Series. Selected questions or modules may not have been surveyed in each sample. Please consult the basic questionnaire for more information on country filter instructions or other questionnaire routing filters. In this study the following modules are included: 1. Attitudes of European citizens towards the environment, 2. Corruption, 3. Attitudes towards the impact of digitalisation on daily lives.<br>Topics: 1. Attitudes of European citizens towards the environment: personal importance of environmental protection; assessment of the seriousness of the problem of climate change: in the own country, in the EU; most important environmental issues; main sources of information about the environment; most important online social networks with regard to information about environmental issues; personal measures for protecting the environment in the last six months; approval of selected statements: environmental issues have a direct effect on daily life and health, personal consumption habits adversely affect the environment in Europe and the rest of the world, worried about the environmental impact of everyday plastic products, worried about the environmental impact of microplastics, worried about the health impact of chemicals in everyday products, worried about the environmental impact of chemicals in everyday products; preference for decision-making regarding the protection of the environment by the national government or jointly within the EU; sufficient action taken to protect the environment by: big companies and industry, citizens, own city, town, village, region, national government, European Union; most effective ways to tackle environmental problems; attitude towards the following statements: European environmental legislation is necessary for protecting the environment in the own country, EU should assist non-EU countries to improve their environmental standards; importance of the following measures in reducing plastic waste and littering: better provision of collection facilities by local authorities, education of people, extra-charge on single-use plastic goods, reduction of plastic packaging, easier recycling; attitude towards the following statements with regard to environmental problems and working conditions linked to clothing: should be made to last longer, should only be made from materials that can be recycled, second-hand clothing should be promoted more, brands should be required to ensure good working conditions inside and outside the EU, labelling should provide information on environmental impact and working conditions, should be available at the lowest possible price (regardless of environmental impact or working conditions); attitude towards the following statements with regard to environmental problems and working conditions linked to clothing: not enough information available, no trust in products that claim to be environmentally-friendly, need for stricter rules when calculating environmental impact and related claims, no interest in how environmentally-friendly personal clothes are.

2. Corruption: visits to a doctor or a public healthcare institution in the last twelve months; obligation to give extra payments or gifts; detailed description of what happened; acceptability of giving the following kinds of bribes: money, gift, favour; assessment of corruption in the own country as a widespread problem; development of the extent of corruption in the own country in the last three years; estimated extent of bribery with regard to the following authorities in the own country: police and customs, tax authorities, courts, social security, public prosecution service, politicians, political parties, officials awarding public tenders, officials issuing building permits, officials issuing business permits, healthcare system, education sector, inspectors, private companies, banks and financial institutions; acquainted person involved in bribery; contact with the aforementioned authorities in the last twelve months; expected bribes and amount; awareness of authorities to report cases of corruption to; most trustworthy authorities: police, justice, NGOs, media, national ombudsman, political representative, specialized anti-corruption agency, trade unions, EU institutions, other; personally experienced and reported corruption in the last twelve months; reasons for not reporting; attitude towards selected statements on corruption in the own country: existence in local and regional public institutions, existence in national public institutions, part of business culture, personally affected in daily life, successful prosecutions deter people from corrupt practices, insufficient pursuing of high-level corruption cases, effective governmental efforts, too close links between business and politics lead to corruption, bribery and the use of connections is the easiest way to obtain certain public services, sufficient transparency and supervision of the funding of political parties, only way to succeed in business is to have political connections, favouritism and corruption hamper business competition, measures against corruption are applied impartially and without ulterior motives.

3. Attitudes towards the impact of digitalisation on daily lives: expected impact of the awareness about energy consumption by the provision and use of online services such as video streaming or search engines on personal use of these services; preferred time of use of current digital devices (in years); main reasons for purchasing new device; attitude towards an obligation for manufactures to make it easier to repair digital devices or replace individual parts; willingness to recycle old digital devices under the following circumstances: reception of a compensation, availability of a nearby recycling point, knowledge about how the device is going to be recycled, guarantee for no potential privacy risks, other; willingness to share some personal information securely with regard to the improvement of the following public services: medical research and care, public transport and reduction of air pollution, energy efficiency, response to crisis situations, other purposes, not willing to share any of your personal information for any purposes; desire to take a more active role in controlling the use of personal information; frequency of coming across news or information that misrepresent reality; responsible actors in tackling fake news; preferred measures to be taken by public authorities to address fake news: regulation of social media platforms to reduce the distribution of disinformation, make social media platforms explain to users why they see personalised content, promotion of self-regulation, help citizens to better identify disinformation, prevent those who spread disinformation from abusing social media platform services, support diversity of information and quality journalism, support fact-checking services, nothing should be done, other; self-rated skills in the use of digital technologies: in daily life, in the job; main barriers to improving personal digital skills; personal identification when accessing online services: username or email address and password, log in via social media account, biometric identification, multi-factor authentication services; interest in how personal data are used when using personal social media account to access other websites; usefulness of having a secure single digital ID for all online services that gives control over the use of personal data; online purchase from another EU member state in the last twelve months; most common outcomes of attempts to buy from these websites: completed purchases without problems, not able to access the websites or redirect to another version of the website without consent, not able to register as a user with personal address or data, sales conditions changed after registration, payment refused, additional charges because of payment method, no delivery option for own country, not able to complete purchase for other reasons; main reasons for not trying to buy from these websites.

Demography: age; nationality; life satisfaction; frequency of discussions about political matters on national, European, and local level; occupation; professional position; left-right self-placement; marital status; sex; age at end of education; type of community; household composition and household size; own a mobile phone and fixed (landline) phone; financial difficulties during the last year; internet use (at home, at work, at school); self-reported belonging to the working class, the middle class or the upper class of society; own voice counts in the own country and in the EU; general direction things are going in the own country and in the EU; opinion leadership; image of the EU; importance of inequalities between different social classes in the own country.

Additionally coded was: respondent ID; country; date of interview; time of the beginning of the interview; duration of the interview; number of persons present during the interview; respondent cooperation; size of locality; region; language of the interview; nation group; weighting factor.