Comparisons of blood plasma and urine biomarkers (mean ± standard deviation) between treatment groups at 3, 24, and 120 hours post kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR).*

*Creatinine and BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen) were measured in blood plasmaAlbumin, Lipocalin-2, Osteopontin, and KIM-1 (Kidney Injury Molecule-1) were measured in urine. Normal/Naive, blood plasma or urine drawn from naïve uninjured/untreated Wister rats served as base line. VPA (Valproic Acid), Dex (Dexamethasone) and Vehicle (saline control) treated groups at 3, 24 and 120 hour (h) reperfusion. Means with at least one common superscript (a, b or c) between Vehicle (control), VPA or Dex within each group (3, 24 or 120 h) did not vary significantly (P>0.05).Comparisons of blood plasma and urine biomarkers (mean ± standard deviation) between treatment groups at 3, 24, and 120 hours post kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR).*