Data from: Population genomics of the Anthropocene: urbanization is negatively associated with genome-wide variation in white-footed mouse populations

Urbanization results in pervasive habitat fragmentation and reduces
standing genetic variation through bottlenecks and drift. Loss of
genomewide variation may ultimately reduce the evolutionary potential of
animal populations experiencing rapidly changing conditions. In this
study, we examined genomewide variation among 23 white-footed mouse
(Peromyscus leucopus) populations sampled along an urbanization gradient
in the New York City metropolitan area. Genomewide variation was estimated
as a proxy for evolutionary potential using more than 10 000 single
nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers generated by ddRAD-Seq. We found
that genomewide variation is inversely related to urbanization as measured
by percent impervious surface cover, and to a lesser extent, human
population density. We also report that urbanization results in enhanced
genomewide differentiation between populations in cities. There was no
pattern of isolation by distance among these populations, but an isolation
by resistance model based on impervious surface significantly explained
patterns of genetic differentiation. Isolation by environment modeling
also indicated that urban populations deviate much more strongly from
global allele frequencies than suburban or rural populations. This study
is the first to examine loss of genomewide SNP variation along an
urban-to-rural gradient and quantify urbanization as a driver of
population genomic patterns.