Effects of COVID-19 lockdown restrictions on parents’ attitudes towards green space and time spent outside by children in Cambridgeshire and North London, United Kingdom

1. In the United Kingdom, children are spending less time outdoors and are
more disconnected from nature than previous generations. However,
interaction with nature at a young age can benefit wellbeing and long-term
support for conservation. Green space accessibility in the UK varies
between rural and urban areas and is lower for children than for adults.
It is possible that COVID-19 lockdown restrictions may have influenced
these differences. 2. In this study, we assessed parents’ attitudes
towards green space, as well as whether the COVID-19 lockdown restrictions
had affected their attitudes or the amount of time spent outside by their
children, via an online survey for parents of primary school-aged children
in Cambridgeshire and North London, UK (n = 171). We assessed whether
responses were affected by local environment (rural, suburban or urban),
school type (state-funded or fee-paying) or garden access (with or without
private garden access). 3. Parents’ attitudes towards green space were
significantly different between local environments: 76.9% of rural parents
reported being happy with the amount of green space to which their
children had access, in contrast with only 40.5% of urban parents. 4.
COVID-19 lockdown restrictions also affected parents’ attitudes to the
importance of green space, and this differed between local environments:
75.7% of urban parents said their views had changed during lockdown, in
contrast with 35.9% of rural parents. The change in amount of time spent
outside by children during lockdown was also significantly different
between local environments: most urban children spent more time inside
during lockdown, whilst most rural children spent more time outside. 5.
Neither parents’ attitudes towards green space nor the amount of time
spent outside by their children varied with school type or garden access.
6. Our results suggest that lockdown restrictions exacerbated pre-existing
differences in access to nature between urban and rural children in our
sampled population. We suggest that the current increased public and
political awareness of the value of green space should be capitalised on
to increase provision and access to green space and to reduce inequalities
in accessibility and awareness of nature between children from different
backgrounds.