Development and Validation of the Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS)

Main ObjectivesThe narcissistic personality is characterized by grandiosity, entitlement, and low empathy. This paper describes the development and validation of the Single Item Narcissism Scale (SINS). Although the use of longer instruments is superior in most circumstances, we recommend the SINS in some circumstances (e.g. under serious time constraints, online studies).MethodsIn 11 independent studies (total N = 2,250), we demonstrate the SINS' psychometric properties.ResultsThe SINS is significantly correlated with longer narcissism scales, but uncorrelated with self-esteem. It also has high test-retest reliability. We validate the SINS in a variety of samples (e.g., undergraduates, nationally representative adults), intrapersonal correlates (e.g., positive affect, depression), and interpersonal correlates (e.g., aggression, relationship quality, prosocial behavior). The SINS taps into the more fragile and less desirable components of narcissism.SignificanceThe SINS can be a useful tool for researchers, especially when it is important to measure narcissism with constraints preventing the use of longer measures.