Population pairwise F_ST estimates based on haplotype sequences (above the diagonal) and geographic distances (in km, below the diagonal).

Islands have been considered as single Juniperus brevifolia populations and are abbreviated as follows: MA, Santa Maria; SM, São Miguel; TE, Terceira; JO, São Jorge; PI, Pico; FA, Faial; FL, Flores; CO, Corvo. Negative values should be interpreted as no genetic differentiation between populations from the two islands and likely reflects the imprecision of the algorithm used by the software to estimate this value.