Disparidades no registro, tratamento e morte por câncer de pulmão. Brasil, 2013 a 2019

Introduction: Lung cancer (LC) poses a significant global health challenge, marked by high incidence and mortality rates. This study aimed to analyze access to case registration, treatment characteristics, and mortality related to LC from 2013 to 2019, while examining associated factors. Method: A retrospective analysis using data from the census, the Mortality Information System (SIM) and Hospital Cancer Registries (RHC), with corrections in SIM and RHC for data consistency. Continuous exposure variables were assessed using descriptive statistics. To explore disparities in case and death registration, two models were employed: Model 1 assessed the “absence of LC case registration” in the RHC, while Model 2 analyzed the “rate of registered LC cases above the 3rd quartile.” Multivariate logistic regression was utilized for both models. Results: The analysis revealed 206,703 deaths and 89,265 LC cases. Notably, 50% of patients did not receive recommended treatment following initial staging, and 85.7% were diagnosed at advanced stages. RHC coverage was found to be 43% relative to SIM. In Model 1, increased odds of case registration absence were observed in municipalities within the Central-West region compared to the North, among those with a higher percentage of deaths in the private sector, lower education levels, and above-average primary care coverage. Model 2 identified factors associated with higher case registration rates, including residency in the South region (ORadj=9.08), smaller municipality size, and below-average commuting times (ORadj=4.2). Conclusion: Individuals living in locations with greater infrastructure for diagnosis and treatment were more likely to have high LC rates, as opposed to patients from municipalities with less infrastructure, who were more likely to have no registration at all.