Research advances in the pyrolysis recycling of waste wind turbine blades

The global energy landscape is undergoing a profound transformation, with wind energy, especially wind power, gaining increasing prominence due to its clean, renewable nature. However, as the installed capacity of wind power continues to expand, the disposal of waste wind turbine blades (WWTB) has emerged as a significant challenge. These blades are predominantly composed of epoxy resin (EP) polymers, carbon fibers (CFs), and glass fibers (GFs). Improper disposal not only exacerbates environmental concerns but also leads to the loss of valuable resources, particularly carbon-based materials. Pyrolysis technology, a versatile and environmentally sustainable method for resource recovery, has garnered considerable attention in the context of WWTB disposal. This work presents a comprehensive review of the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB, focusing on the principles and classifications of pyrolysis technology, key factors influencing the pyrolysis process, as well as the pyrolysis methods, equipment, products, and their applications. Through an in-depth analysis of the current research on the pyrolytic recycling of WWTB, this review identifies critical unresolved issues in the field and provides a forward-looking perspective on emerging research trends.