Activity-dependent mitochondrial ROS signaling regulates recruitment of glutamate receptors to synapses

Our understanding of mitochondrial signaling in the nervous system has been limited by the technical challenge of analyzing mitochondrial function in vivo. In the transparent genetic model Caenorhabditis elegans, we were able to manipulate and measure mitochondrial ROS (reactive oxygen species) signaling of individual mitochondria as well as neuronal activity of single neurons in vivo. Using this approach, we provide evidence supporting a novel role for mitochondrial ROS signaling in dendrites of excitatory glutamatergic C. elegans interneurons. Specifically, we show that following neuronal activity, dendritic mitochondria take up calcium (Ca2+) via the mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter MCU-1 which results in an upregulation of mitochondrial ROS production. We also observed that mitochondria are positioned in close proximity to synaptic clusters of GLR-1, the C. elegans ortholog of the AMPA subtype of glutamate receptors that mediate neuronal excitation. We show that synaptic recruitment of ..., , , # Activity-dependent mitochondrial ROS signaling regulates recruitment of glutamate receptors to synapses

[https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkm71](https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.0gb5mkm71)

The enclosed data files include raw images and image streams used as representative data in the main and supplemental figures. These images are from a larger subset of images from which the fluorescence and transport quantification originated. These quantifications and their corresponding data statistics and summary are included for each figure as an Excel (.xlsx) file.

These data files are grouped by their corresponding figures or videos (e.g., raw images and quantification files corresponding to Figure 1 are in the folder named “Figure 1 – source data 1”). Thirteen files of raw data are included.

## Description of the data and file structure

### Figure 1 – source data 1:

Included in the zipped archive:

1\. Raw image streams (*RAW.tif)

2\. Annotated image streams (*ROI.tif)

3\. Raw fluoresce...